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<html lang="en"><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><link href="./images/docs-stylesheet.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><title>Apache Tomcat 11 (11.0.18) - Apache Portable Runtime (APR) based Native library for Tomcat</title></head><body><div id="wrapper"><header><div id="header"><div><div><div class="logo noPrint"><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/"><img alt="Tomcat Home" src="./images/tomcat.png"></a></div><div style="height: 1px;"></div><div class="asfLogo noPrint"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank"><img src="./images/asf-logo.svg" alt="The Apache Software Foundation" style="width: 266px; height: 83px;"></a></div><h1>Apache Tomcat 11</h1><div class="versionInfo">
Version 11.0.18,
<time datetime="2026-01-23">Jan 23 2026</time></div><div style="height: 1px;"></div><div style="clear: left;"></div></div></div></div></header><div id="middle"><div><div id="mainLeft" class="noprint"><div><nav><div><h2>Links</h2><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/TOMCAT/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul></div><div><h2>User Guide</h2><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="host-manager-howto.html">6) Host Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">7) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL/TLS</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptors-howto.html">16) MBeans Descriptors</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">26) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">27) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">28) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">29) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">30) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">31) WebSocket</a></li><li><a href="rewrite.html">32) Rewrite</a></li><li><a href="cdi.html">33) CDI 2 and JAX-RS</a></li><li><a href="graal.html">34) AOT/GraalVM Support</a></li></ul></div><div><h2>Reference</h2><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet 6.1 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 4.0 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 6.0 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="websocketapi/index.html">WebSocket 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jaspicapi/index.html">Authentication 3.1 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="annotationapi/index.html">Annotations 3.0 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul></div><div><h2>Apache Tomcat Development</h2><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/TOMCAT/Tomcat+Versions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></div></nav></div></div><div id="mainRight"><div id="content"><h2>Apache Portable Runtime (APR) based Native library for Tomcat</h2><h3 id="Table_of_Contents">Table of Contents</h3><div class="text">
<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a><ol><li><a href="#Windows">Windows</a></li><li><a href="#Linux">Linux</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#APR_Components">APR Components</a></li><li><a href="#APR_Lifecycle_Listener_Configuration">APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration</a></li></ul>
</div><h3 id="Introduction">Introduction</h3><div class="text">
<p>
Tomcat can use the <a href="https://apr.apache.org/">Apache Portable Runtime</a> to
provide an OpenSSL based TLS implementation for the HTTP connectors.
</p>
<p>
These features allows making Tomcat a general purpose webserver, will enable much better
integration with other native web technologies, and overall make Java much more viable as
a full fledged webserver platform rather than simply a backend focused technology.
</p>
</div><h3 id="Installation">Installation</h3><div class="text">
<p>
APR support requires three main native components to be installed:
</p>
<ul>
<li>APR library</li>
<li>JNI wrappers for APR used by Tomcat (libtcnative)</li>
<li>OpenSSL libraries</li>
</ul>
<div class="subsection"><h4 id="Windows">Windows</h4><div class="text">
<p>
Windows binaries are provided for tcnative-2, which is a statically compiled .dll which includes
OpenSSL and APR. It can be downloaded from <a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/download-native.cgi">here</a>
as 32bit or AMD x86-64 binaries.
In security conscious production environments, it is recommended to use separate shared dlls
for OpenSSL, APR, and libtcnative-2, and update them as needed according to security bulletins.
Windows OpenSSL binaries are linked from the <a href="https://www.openssl.org">Official OpenSSL
website</a> (see related/binaries).
</p>
</div></div>
<div class="subsection"><h4 id="Linux">Linux</h4><div class="text">
<p>
Most Linux distributions will ship packages for APR and OpenSSL. The JNI wrapper (libtcnative) will
then have to be compiled. It depends on APR, OpenSSL, and the Java headers.
</p>
<p>
Requirements:
</p>
<ul>
<li>APR 1.6.3+ development headers (libapr1-dev package)</li>
<li>OpenSSL 1.1.1+ development headers (libssl-dev package)</li>
<li>JNI headers from Java compatible JDK 1.4+</li>
<li>GNU development environment (gcc, make)</li>
</ul>
<p>
The wrapper library sources are located in the Tomcat binary bundle, in the
<code>bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz</code> archive.
Once the build environment is installed and the source archive is extracted, the wrapper library
can be compiled using (from the folder containing the configure script):
</p>
<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>./configure && make && make install</code></pre></div>
</div></div>
</div><h3 id="APR_Components">APR Components</h3><div class="text">
<p>
Once the libraries are properly installed and available to Java (if loading fails, the library path
will be displayed), the Tomcat connectors will automatically use APR.
</p>
</div><h3 id="APR_Lifecycle_Listener_Configuration">APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration</h3><div class="text">
<p>See <a href="config/listeners.html#APR_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener">the
listener configuration</a>.</p>
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